Predator weapons and armor

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S t egosaurus wielded a spiked tail - dubbed a “thagomizer” by cartoonist Gary Larson and informally adopted by paleontologists - which the herbivorous dinosaur likely used for defense against hungry predators.

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New research finds that extinct, tail weapon-wielding animals - such as the dueling ankylosaurs illustrated here - all shared a set of traits, including large body size, herbivory and bony body armor, that no modern animals possess.